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Mexico City is the capital and most populous city in Mexico, as well as the most populated city in North America. Mexico City is one of the world's most prominent cultural and financial cities. It is situated at a height of 2,240 meters in the Valley of Mexico (Valle de México), a vast valley on the high plateaus of central Mexico. The city is divided into 16 boroughs or geographical demarcations.

Mexico City is a popular tourism destination for people from all over the world. UNESCO has designated the historic core of Mexico City and the "floating gardens" of Xochimilco in the city's southern district as World Heritage Sites. The Plaza de la Constitución, the major central square with its epoch-contrasting Spanish-era Metropolitan Cathedral and National Palace, ancient Aztec temple ruins Templo Mayor ("Major Temple"), and modern structures are all within a few feet of one another in the Historic Center. (The Templo Mayor was found in 1978 as workmen were excavating for subterranean power wires.)

The most recognized image of Mexico City is the golden Angel of Independence on the broad, beautiful boulevard Paseo de la Reforma, which was designed after the Champs-Élysées in Paris by order of Emperor Maximilian of Mexico. In the nineteenth century, this avenue was built over the Americas' oldest known main route to connect the National Palace (the seat of government) with the Castle of Chapultepec, the imperial palace. Today, this avenue serves as a major financial area, housing the Mexican Stock Exchange as well as numerous company offices. Another significant avenue is the Avenida de los Insurgentes, which stretches 28.8 kilometers and is one of the world's longest single avenues.

Chapultepec Park is home to the Chapultepec Castle, which is now a museum on a hill overlooking the park and its various museums, monuments, national zoo, and National Museum of Anthropology (which houses the Aztec Calendar Stone).

The Palacio de Bellas Artes is another marvel of architecture, a white marble theater/museum whose weight has caused it to gradually sink into the soft ground below. Its construction began under Porfirio Daz's administration and concluded in 1934, having being halted by the Mexican Revolution in the 1920s.

The Plaza de las Tres Culturas houses the College of Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, the earliest and oldest European school of higher learning in the Americas, as well as the archeological site of the city-state of Tlatelolco and the shrine and Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe.

The "Turibus," a double-decker bus, rounds most of these locations and has timed audio that describes the landmarks in several languages as they pass.

Furthermore, according to the Tourism Secretariat, the city boasts around 170 museums — it is among the top ten cities in the world with the most museums — over 100 art galleries, and approximately 30 music halls, all of which maintain a continual cultural activity throughout the year. After New York, London, and maybe Toronto, it boasts the third or fourth-highest number of theaters in the world. Diego Rivera created paintings in a number of locations, including the Palacio Nacional and the National Institute of Cardiology. He and his wife, Frida Kahlo, resided in Coyoacán, where many of their houses, studios, and art collections are now available to the public. Coyoacán also has the home where Leon Trotsky was granted shelter before being killed in 1940.

In addition, numerous haciendas have been converted into restaurants, including the San ngel Inn, the Hacienda de Tlalpan, the Hacienda de Cortés, and the Hacienda de los Morales.